"Overfilling of a tank is an important safety hazard. It may result in
loss of tank fluid and potentially severe consequences if the fluid is
flammable or environmentally sensitive. Additionally, it is necessary
to preserve the mechanical integrity of a tank. This article first
looks briefly at various ways liquid may overfill a tank, and then
describes different design options as best practices to take care of
situations where overfilling is a possibility. The main paper will
contain diagrams and appropriate references."
July 30, 2021
Design Options for Overfill Protection for Aboveground Atmospheric Tanks - Best Practices
July 26, 2021
DONT UNDERESTIMATE OVERFILLING RISKS
"Loss of level control has contributed to three significant industrial incidents:
In Australia, the Esso Longford explosion in September 1998 resulted in two fatalities, eight injuries, and A$1.3 billion (more than U.S. $ 1 billion) in losses [1];In the U.S., the BP Texas City explosion in March 2005 caused 15 fatalities and more than 170 injuries, profoundly affected facility production for months afterwards, and incurred losses exceeding $1.6 billion on BP [2]; andIn the U.K., the Buncefield explosion in December 2005 injured 43 people, devastated the Hertfordshire Oil Storage Terminal, and led to total losses of as much as ₤1 billion (about $1.5 billion) [3, 4]."
Read the article at https://www.chemicalprocessing.com/articles/2010/143/
July 22, 2021
2019 Significant Process Safety Incidents
July 18, 2021
Alarm floods and plant incidents
Most of the incident investigations performed by the US Chemical Safety
Board (CSB) cite alarm floods as being a significant contributing cause
to industrial incidents. In fact, alarm management has become identified
as one of the key issues listed on the cover of recent CSB
investigation reports. The British-based organisation Engineering
Equipment & Materials Users’ Association (EEMUA) came to the same
finding in its report from 1999 when it analysed major incidents around
the world, including Three Mile Island, Bhopal and Texaco Milford Haven.1 Therefore,
the connection of alarm floods to incidents has been well documented
for over 12 years. On the whole, industrial progress controlling floods
in those 12 years has been nil. Many corporations and plant locations
are attempting to do so, but many engineers, including alarm management
vendors, do not know what it takes to control floods under all operating
conditions. This article shows examples of good alarm management
programmes and how they successfully control alarm floods under all
operating conditions.
Read the article at Alarm floods and plant incidents
July 14, 2021
SIL and functional safety in rotating equipment
SIL (safety integrity level) is a very important safety indicator that has been extensively discussed, described and often misunderstood within the industry over the past years. The purpose of this article is to provide operators, reliability engineers, instrumentation engineers and department managers with a practical overview of the areas where SIL and functional safety are important in their daily business life. Note that, in the light of the International Electro-technical Commission (IEC) and most other safety relevant standards, risk is strictly defined as “harm to health safety environment” (HSE).
Read more at SIL and functional safety in rotating equipment