Explosion due to hydrocarbon being drawn into boiler firebox

A leak in a hydrocarbon refrigerant system formed a vapor cloud that was drawn into the inlet of a steam boiler. The increased fuel to the boiler caused rapidly rising pressure within a steam drum. The rapidly rising pressure exceeded the capacity of the boiler’s safety valve and the steam drum ruptured. The boiler rupture was close enough to the gas leak to ignite the vapor cloud and produce an explosion due the confined nature of the gas lea  and an ensuing fireball. The fire took eight hours to extinguish. The explosions and fire destroyed a portion to the LNG plant and caused 27 deaths, and injury to 72 more.

LNG leak causes sewer explosion

 LNG leak from open run-down line during a pipe modification project. LNG entered an underground
concrete storm sewer system and underwent a rapid vapor expansion that overpressured and ruptured
the sewer pipes. Storm sewer system substantially damaged.

SULPHURIC ACID EMERGENCY REPSONSE AND CASE STUDIES

http://www.greatersudbury.ca/content/div_emergprep/documents/norfalco_presentation_nov23_07.pdf

The Case of the FATAL TANK ENTRY

 https://www.assp.org/docs/default-source/psj-articles/mtricketts_0220.pdf?sfvrsn=ba188947_2

Health and Safety Risks for Workers Involved in Manual Tank Gauging and Sampling at Oil and Gas Extraction Sites

https://www.osha.gov/sites/default/files/publications/OSHA3843.pdf

Case study of death of an engineer due to burns

 https://britanniapandi.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/BSafe-Case-Study-No.1-Burns-Fatality-Commentary-No.1.pdf

SAFETY ALERT SIGHT GLASS INCIDENT

 https://www.bsee.gov/sites/bsee_prod.opengov.ibmcloud.com/files/safety-alerts/incident-and-investigations/safety-alert-no-76.pdf

ANOTHER ANNIVERSARY OF BHOPAL.....National Process Safety Week on anniversary of Bhopal disaster December 3rd

Tonight is the 37th anniversary of the Bhopal gas disaster. We still do not seem to learn from Bhopal. The same mistakes that occurred at Bhopal keep recurring in various incidents around the World. Production pressures along with cost cutting measures take a toll on process safety. Just like the National safety week in march, I mooted the idea of having a National Process Safety Week every year on the anniversary of Bhopal for all chemical industries in India. During this week, the root causes of the Bhopal disaster and process incidents in individual organisations can be discussed with all  employees including top management. The root causes are again given below: They are still relevant today:

1. Do not cut costs without looking at the effects on process safety
2. Maintain all your layers of defense including asset integrity
3. Continually ensure that competency of personnel operating and maintaining plants are updated and current
4. Be prepared for the worst case scenario.
5. Understand the risks and measures to eliminate / reduce or control them
6. Learn from your past incidents. Those who do not learn are condemned to repeat the incidents.
7. Pay heed to your process safety management system audit reports

 I am again attaching the link of some pictures of the victims of Bhopal, lest we forget..........

" Mothers didn't know their children had died, children didn't know their mothers had died, and men didn't know their whole families had died" - Ahmed Khan, Bhopal resident on the Bhopal disaster